Catalog ยท 1900โpresent
The largest earthquakes ever instrumentally recorded โ 1900โpresent, ranking every M7.0+ event by size: the great megathrust ruptures that have reshaped coastlines and triggered modern history's deadliest tsunamis.
M7.0+ events
300
Max magnitude
M9.5
Coverage
1900โ2026
Tsunami-flagged
28
The rarest and most destructive events on Earth. Only a handful have been recorded since modern instruments began.
1960 Great Chilean Earthquake (Valdivia Earthquake)
The 1964 Prince William Sound, Alaska Earthquake
2011 Great Tohoku Earthquake, Japan
2004 Sumatra - Andaman Islands Earthquake
89 km ESE of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia
Capable of devastating wide regions and generating ocean-crossing tsunamis. Roughly one occurs somewhere on Earth each year.
2025 Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia Earthquake
2010 Maule, Chile Earthquake
1906 Ecuador-Colombia Earthquake
1965 Western Aleutian Islands (Hawadax/Rat Islands) Earthquake
2012 Wharton Basin Earthquake
78 km WSW of Singkil, Indonesia
1957 Atka, Alaska Earthquake
1950 Assam-Tibet Earthquake
1946 Unimak Island, Alaska Earthquake
1963 Kuril Islands Earthquake
1938 Banda Sea Earthquake
94 km ENE of Vallenar, Chile
122 km SW of Bengkulu, Indonesia
6 km SSW of Atico, Peru
1933 Sanriku (Sanriku-oki) Earthquake, Japan
1923 Kamchatka, Russia Earthquake
The 1905 Bulnay (Bolnai), Mongolia Earthquake
48 km W of Illapel, Chile
2013 Sea of Okhotsk Earthquake
2006 Kuril Islands Earthquake
48 km E of Shikotan, Russia
1977 Sumba, Indonesia Earthquake
1958 Kuril Islands Earthquake
68 km S of Shing?, Japan
1918 Mindanao, Philippines Earthquake
1906 Western Aleutian Islands (Hawadax/Rat Islands) Earthquake
1938 Semidi Islands, Alaska Earthquake
1920 Hualien, Taiwan Earthquake
2021 Chignik, Alaska Earthquake
2018 Fiji Earthquake
2017 Tehuantepec, Mexico Earthquake
93 km NW of Iquique, Chile
2012 Wharton Basin Aftershock
55 km NNW of Reyes, Bolivia
1969 Hokkaido Toho-oki Earthquake
1968 Tokachi-Oki Earthquake
1965 Ceram Sea Earthquake
121 km SSE of San Pedro de Atacama, Chile
21 km SE of Huacho, Peru
1917 Kermadec Islands, New Zealand Earthquake
The 1907 Sumatra Earthquake and Tsunami
The 1906 Valparaiso, Chile Earthquake
2003 Tokachi-Oki Earthquake
1919 Papua New Guinea Earthquake
1914 Biak Earthquake
1924 Mindanao, Philippines Earthquake
2021 South Sandwich Islands Earthquake
2021 Kermadec Islands, New Zealand Earthquake
2009 Samoa Earthquake
2007 Solomon Islands Earthquake
2007 Kuril Islands Earthquake
2004 Tasman Sea Earthquake
1998 Balleny Islands Earthquake
1971 Bougainville Earthquake
67 km W of Paramonga, Peru
1963 Banda Sea Earthquake
4 km ESE of Caรฑete, Chile
1957 Gobi-Altay, Mongolia Earthquake
1952 Tokachi-Oki Earthquake
1945 Makran Subduction Zone Earthquake
1944 Toankai Earthquake
45 km NNW of Illapel, Chile
21 km NNE of Minas de Marcona, Peru
1939 Sulawesi Earthquake
1932 Jalisco, Mexico Earthquake
1929 South Sandwich Islands Earthquake
1919 Tonga Earthquake
1918 Kuril Islands Earthquake
1910 Taiwan Earthquake
1996 Biak, Indonesia Earthquake
1920 Vanuatu Earthquake
1989 Macquarie Ridge Earthquake
1941 Hyuganada Earthquake
The 1911 Kemin Earthquake, Kyrgyzstan
60 km W of Diego de Almagro, Chile
78 km NE of Navarro, Peru
2013 Santa Cruz Islands Earthquake
41 km SW of San Vicente de Caรฑete, Peru
2006 Tonga Earthquake
2000 New Ireland Earthquake
1995 Colima-Jalisco, Mexico Earthquake
36 km NNE of Antofagasta, Chile
1986 Atka, Alaska Earthquake
1985 Michoacan, Mexico Earthquake
25 km WSW of Valparaรญso, Chile
1976 Kermadec Islands, New Zealand Earthquake
1972 Mindanao, Philippines Earthquake
1971 New Britain Earthquake
95 km N of San Antonio del Estrecho, Peru
1949 Haida Gwaii Earthquake
1942 Southwest Indian Ridge Earthquake
1934 Bihar-Nepal Earthquake
1917 Tonga Earthquake
1906 Papua New Guinea Earthquake
Tonga
Serious damage over large areas. Around 15 occur worldwide in an average year.
15 km ESE of San Gabriel Mixtepec, Mexico
43 km E of Ustโ-Kamchatsk Staryy, Russia
43 km N of Bamboo Flat, India
5 km SSE of ?iso, Japan
60 km SE of Kokopo, Papua New Guinea
113 km ENE of Miyako, Japan
95 km WSW of Shihezi, China
The 1905 Tsetserleg, Mongolia Earthquake
125 km E of Baiyin, China
58 km ESE of Takanabe, Japan
78 km E of Hachinohe, Japan
45 km S of Levuka, Fiji
261 km SE of Chiniak, Alaska
35 km WNW of Panguna, Papua New Guinea
140 km E of Kokopo, Papua New Guinea
Rat Islands, Aleutian Islands, Alaska
47 km E of ?arai, Japan
58 km W of Tianpeng, China
87 km SW of Sungai Penuh, Indonesia
2002 Denali Fault, Alaska Earthquake
South Indian Ocean
103 km S of Bengkulu, Indonesia
169 km NNE of Maumere, Indonesia
77 km WSW of Adak, Alaska
181 km N of Palu, Indonesia
128 km ESE of Kurilโsk, Russia
200 km WSW of Yakutat, Alaska
199 km S of Lata, Solomon Islands
55 km S of Biak, Indonesia
19 km WNW of Palimbang, Philippines
56 km WSW of Panguna, Papua New Guinea
Azores-Cape St. Vincent Ridge
34 km SW of Chimbote, Peru
70 km S of Honchล, Japan
76 km ENE of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia
174 km SE of Katsuura, Japan
99 km SW of Port-Vila, Vanuatu
172 km SE of Altay, China
143 km ESE of San Antonio del Estrecho, Peru
Volcano Islands, Japan region
108 km NW of Naze, Japan
The 1906 San Francisco, California Earthquake
The 1905 Kangra, India Earthquake
Southern Greece
Southeast of the Loyalty Islands
47 km ESE of Kalbay, Philippines
32 km NW of Taunggyi, Myanmar
93 km NW of Attu Station, Alaska
Kodiak Island region, Alaska
26 km WNW of San Carlos, Chile
5 km E of Tateyama, Japan
Azores-Cape St. Vincent Ridge
108 km WSW of Laojunmiao, China
116 km NW of Kirakira, Solomon Islands
28 km ESE of Isangel, Vanuatu
230 km W of Abepura, Indonesia
off the east coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia
23 km SSE of Malango, Solomon Islands
New Guinea, Papua New Guinea
108 km SW of Kirakira, Solomon Islands
east of the Kuril Islands
266 km SSW of Severo-Kurilโsk, Russia
State of Yap, Federated States of Micronesia
85 km S of Panguna, Papua New Guinea
Taiwan
Southern Qinghai, China
74 km SSW of Kokopo, Papua New Guinea
26 km SW of Kablalan, Philippines
140 km E of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia
Pazarcik earthquake, Kahramanmaras earthquake sequence
2020 Perryville, Alaska Earthquake
69 km WSW of Kirakira, Solomon Islands
53 km NNE of Amberley, New Zealand
27 km SSE of Muisne, Ecuador
southwest of Sumatra, Indonesia
Bonin Islands, Japan region
67 km NNE of Bharatpur, Nepal
206 km SW of Prince Rupert, Canada
215 km SW of Sungai Penuh, Indonesia
75 km E of Sinabang, Indonesia
196 km NW of Sola, Vanuatu
97 km WSW of Te Anau, New Zealand
south of the Fiji Islands
102 km ENE of Iquique, Chile
Rat Islands, Aleutian Islands, Alaska
Southern Qinghai, China
138 km SSW of Kokopo, Papua New Guinea
135 km SE of Kokopo, Papua New Guinea
156 km S of Ustโ-Kamchatsk Staryy, Russia
192 km WSW of Haveluloto, Tonga
off the east coast of Honshu, Japan
249 km SSW of Kencong, Indonesia
32 km S of Inarajan Village, Guam
37 km WNW of Maumere, Indonesia
75 km NNW of Gorontalo, Indonesia
Gulf of Alaska
146 km ESE of Hihifo, Tonga
south of Tonga
19 km NNE of Hacienda La Calera, Chile
188 km SW of Sagres, Portugal
146 km SSE of Lata, Solomon Islands
81 km E of Nikolski, Alaska
South Sandwich Islands region
217 km ESE of Kurilโsk, Russia
38 km WNW of Traiguรฉn, Chile
22 km W of Elfin Cove, Alaska
186 km NNW of Sola, Vanuatu
Strait of Gibraltar
159 km W of Pangai, Tonga
3 km W of Buga, Philippines
12 km SE of Pedernales, Ecuador
20 km NNE of Erzincan, Turkey
105 km E of Iwaki, Japan
7 km E of Los Tepames, Mexico
234 km SSW of Nikolski, Alaska
71 km SSW of Jurm, Afghanistan
Fiji region
2 km NW of Teojomulco, Mexico
160 km W of Gorontalo, Indonesia
Central Chiapas, Mexico
111 km SSE of Pangai, Tonga
16 km NNW of Miches, Dominican Republic
77 km E of Baculin, Philippines
161 km SE of Sarangani, Philippines
13 km ESE of Comand?u, Romania
26 km S of Sijunjung, Indonesia
37 km SSW of Atico, Peru
228 km SW of Sarangani, Philippines
90 km NE of Tobelo, Indonesia
277 km SSE of Kushiro, Japan
2025 Mandalay, Burma (Myanmar) Earthquake
southeast of the Loyalty Islands
southeast of the Loyalty Islands
123 km NNW of Lucea, Jamaica
Komandorskiye Ostrova, Russia region
Pagan region, Northern Mariana Islands
53 km SW of Iquique, Chile
Scotia Sea
113 km NW of Bela, Pakistan
79 km ESE of Kh?sh, Iran
156 km ENE of Poronaysk, Russia
272 km ESE of Kamaishi, Japan
148 km NW of Sola, Vanuatu
140 km WNW of Manokwari, Indonesia
Sea of Okhotsk
36 km ESE of Tocopilla, Chile
226 km SSW of Singaparna, Indonesia
south of the Fiji Islands
Fiji region
17 km NW of Bhach?u, India
28 km SSW of Puerto El Triunfo, El Salvador
21 km S of Puli, Taiwan
264 km ESE of Luwuk, Indonesia
171 km NNW of Sola, Vanuatu
60 km SW of Changuillo, Peru
155 km WNW of Panguna, Papua New Guinea
249 km E of Vao, New Caledonia
107 km W of Iwanai, Japan
83 km SSW of Corinto, Nicaragua
4 km E of Macapsing, Philippines
145 km NW of Jinghong, China
Kermadec Islands region
133 km NE of Hihifo, Tonga
56 km NW of Valdez, Ecuador
2 km ESE of San Agustรญn Loxicha, Mexico
68 km ESE of Ishinomaki, Japan
17 km SSW of Leilani Estates, Hawaii
94 km SSW of Panguna, Papua New Guinea
44 km SSE of Caรฑete, Chile
19 km ESE of Nemuro, Japan
120 km SW of Abepura, Indonesia
45 km NNE of Port-Olry, Vanuatu
35 km S of Puerto Chacabuco, Chile
51 km W of Atocha, Bolivia
19 km SSE of Amorgรณs, Greece
89 km WSW of Nagqu, China
Banda Sea
100 km SSE of Korsakov, Russia
45 km N of San Antonio, Puerto Rico
26 km SSW of La Gomera, Guatemala
Mariana Islands region
116 km E of Namie, Japan
116 km ESE of Namie, Japan
69 km ESE of Kitaibaraki, Japan
120 km NE of Palu, Indonesia
138 km SSE of Lata, Solomon Islands
12 km NNE of La Central, Mexico
148 km SE of Tondano, Indonesia
30 km NNE of Constituciรณn, Chile
South Indian Ocean
31 km SSW of Wuwei, China
12 km NW of Chalatenango, El Salvador
74 km ENE of Barcelona, Philippines
52 km ESE of Farkhฤr, Afghanistan
115 km ESE of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia
About 50 km NNE of Kashgar, Xinjiang, China
Near the coast of Venezuela
123 km W of Rรญo Grande, Argentina
50 km SSE of Yilan, Taiwan
103 km NW of Constituciรณn, Chile
Events are drawn from the USGS global catalog (backfilled to 1900) and PHIVOLCS, ranked by moment magnitude. Magnitudes for the earliest 20th-century events are re-analysed estimates and carry larger uncertainty than modern instrumental measurements.
Catalog completeness improves over time: smaller events from the early 1900s are under-represented because the global seismograph network was sparse. For the largest earthquakes (M7.0+) the record is considered broadly complete from the mid-20th century onward. The โtsunamiโ flag indicates an event that triggered a tsunami warning or observation โ it does not by itself imply a destructive wave.